What is the Civics Component of the Naturalization Test?
The civics test is an oral exam designed to assess your knowledge of U.S. history, government, and the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. During your naturalization interview, a USCIS officer will ask you 10 civics questions from a list of 100 possible questions.
To pass this portion of the test, you must answer at least 6 out of the 10 questions correctly. The officer will stop asking questions once you’ve answered 6 correctly. So you could pass even if you miss the first few questions, as long as you still get 6 right total.
The 100 potential questions are publicly available to study, along with their answers, on the USCIS website. They cover a wide range of topics, including:
- Principles of American democracy
- System of government
- Rights and responsibilities
- American history
- Geography
- Symbols and holidays
Some example questions include:
- “What is the supreme law of the land?”
- “Name one branch or part of the government.”
- “What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?”
- “What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?”
- “When do we celebrate Independence Day?”
While you don’t have to provide the exact answer word-for-word, your response must demonstrate that you understand the concepts. Some alternative phrasing is acceptable.
How to Prepare for the Civics Test
Passing the civics test requires dedicated study. Luckily, there are many free resources available to help you learn the material, including:
- Online study tools on the USCIS website, like flashcards and practice tests
- Lists of all 100 questions and acceptable answers to study
- Prep books from the library or bookstore
- Local citizenship classes (often free or low-cost) at community centers, libraries, or schools
- Studying with friends or family members, also preparing for the test
The key is to start early and break the questions into manageable chunks. Try studying a few questions a day over several weeks or months. Focus on understanding the concepts, not just memorizing the exact wording of answers.
Many people find making their own flashcards helpful. You can also ask a friend or family member to quiz you. Taking practice tests can identify areas you need to study more. Local citizenship classes can provide guidance on what to expect and tips for remembering important facts.
What Happens If I Fail the Civics Test at My Naturalization Interview?
If you get fewer than 6 out of 10 civics questions correct at your naturalization interview, you will fail this portion of the test. However, this doesn’t mean your citizenship dreams are over. You’ll have another chance.
Retaking the Test
USCIS will schedule you to retake the civics test between 60 and 90 days from the date of your initial interview. This will give you time to study the material you struggled with.
At your second interview, the USCIS officer will only retest you on the portion of the exam you previously failed. For the civics test, you’ll be asked up to 10 questions from the same possible 100 questions. They may not be the exact same 10 questions you were asked before, but they won’t be completely new. You’ll again need to get 6 out of 10 correct to pass.
Failing Twice
If you fail the civics test a second time, USCIS will deny your naturalization application. However, you may be eligible to file a new application, depending on your situation. An experienced citizenship attorney can help determine your options and develop a study plan for success next time.
Other Options If You Have Trouble Memorizing
For some applicants, particularly those who are elderly or have disabilities, memorizing civics facts can be especially challenging. In limited cases, accommodations or waivers may be available.
If you have a physical or mental impairment that makes it difficult to learn civics, you may be able to get an exception to the testing requirements. You’ll need to file Form N-648 (Medical Certification for Disability Exceptions) with your naturalization application. A licensed medical professional must certify your condition and how it affects your ability to take the test.
Applicants who are over 65 and have been permanent residents for at least 20 years are only required to study 20 specific civics questions. If you qualify for this special consideration, make sure to focus your studying appropriately.
Get Professional Help Preparing for the Civics Test
Failing the civics test can be frustrating and demoralizing. But with focused study and support, you’ll have an excellent chance of passing on your second try. Consider working with a citizenship lawyer or qualified nonprofit to create a personalized plan.
At the Law Office of Lina Baroudi, we know how much passing the naturalization test means for our clients’ futures. Our immigration lawyers in San Jose helps citizenship applicants throughout Northern California and across the country prepare for all aspects of the process, including the civics exam. We’ll make sure you understand the key concepts and walk into your interview with confidence.
If you don’t pass on the first try, we’ll be right there with you to prepare for the retest. In cases of disabilities, we can assist with seeking accommodations or exceptions. Our goal is to make your path to citizenship as smooth as possible.
Don’t let anxiety about the civics test hold you back from your dream of becoming a U.S. citizen. With proper preparation and experienced legal guidance, you can ace the exam and take the Oath of Allegiance. Contact us today to discuss how we can support you on your citizenship journey.
